Helen Moyle Poradie kníh (chronologicky)

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, many European and English-speaking countries experienced a fertility transition, marked by a significant decline in birth rates. This transition began in England and other English-speaking nations in the 1870s, with Australia following suit in the 1880s. This investigation focuses on Tasmania, the second settled colony of Australia, utilizing statistical evidence and historical sources. It delves into the 1904 New South Wales Royal Commission into the Fall in the Birth Rate, which the Commissioners believed was relevant to all Australian states. Various theories have been proposed to explain this decline, including economic and social development, diffusion theories, the rise of secularisation, increased access to contraception, and changes in child mortality rates. However, the role of women in this transition has often been overlooked. The findings suggest that Tasmania's fertility decline in the late 19th century coincided with significant social and economic changes, such as industrialisation, urbanisation, enhanced transport and communication, and rising education levels and social mobility. A key social transformation was the changing status and role of women, who emerged as a pivotal force behind the decline in fertility rates.