Scott Soames Knihy

Philosophical investigation is the foundation of human knowledge, shaping concepts, reinterpreting truths, and redefining fundamental questions for over two millennia. This concise history illustrates how philosophy has been integral to the development of the modern world, influencing science, technology, and politics. The author firmly counters the notion of philosophy as mere abstract thought, highlighting its vital contributions across diverse fields such as law, logic, psychology, economics, and decision theory. Beginning with the ancient Greek philosophers, the narrative chronicles the achievements of influential thinkers from the medieval period to the present day. It delves into how philosophy has molded our language, science, mathematics, religion, culture, morality, education, and politics, enhancing our understanding of ourselves. The emphasis on rational inquiry as a pathway to theoretical knowledge and practical wisdom has fundamentally transformed our world. From societal laws to the digital technologies that define modern life, philosophy has expanded possibilities and guided us toward more productive avenues. This exploration reveals the profound richness of philosophy and its enduring impact on both individual and collective experiences.

Focusing on the evolution of modal logic within analytic philosophy, this volume explores key developments from the late 19th to the 20th century. It highlights the contributions of Saul Kripke, who introduced innovative modal systems, and W.V.O. Quine, who challenged established concepts of meaning and reference. The text examines the historical trajectory of modal logic, beginning with C. I. Lewis's critiques and extending through significant works by Ruth Marcus and Rudolph Carnap, culminating in a discussion of Kripke's influential "Naming and Necessity."